DDS / EDDS Steel Grades

High-Formability Carbon Steel for Deep Drawing and Complex Shaping

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    DDS / EDDS Steel Technical Specifications & Applications

    DDS (Deep Drawing Steel) and EDDS (Extra Deep Drawing Steel) are cold-rolled steel grades under ASTM A1008/A653, engineered for applications demanding exceptional formability and minimal springback. With ultra-low carbon content and vacuum degassing, these steels offer superior ductility and uniform mechanical properties, making them ideal for complex shaping and deep drawing.

    Widely used in automotive and appliance industries, DDS and EDDS are perfect for fuel tanks, sinks, and other components requiring intricate forming. Their fine-grain structure ensures deep drawing capability exceeding material thickness, while maintaining excellent surface quality suitable for painting and finishing.

    These steels combine high formability, moderate strength, and good weldability, providing a reliable solution for manufacturing components with complex shapes.

    Keywords: DDS Steel, EDDS Steel, Deep Drawing Steel, Cold-Rolled Steel, High Formability Steel.

    Table of Contents

    1. Typical Uses & Selection Guidance

    • DDS and EDDS Steel Overview

      DDS (Deep Drawing Steel) and EDDS (Extra Deep Drawing Steel) are cold-rolled, ultra-low carbon steel grades under ASTM A1008/A653, engineered for applications requiring exceptional formability and minimal springback. Vacuum degassing removes interstitial elements like carbon and nitrogen, enhancing ductility and enabling complex forming and deep drawing operations.

    • Corrosion Protection

      DDS and EDDS can be coated with various metallic coatings:

      • Zinc (Z): Basic corrosion protection for general use.

      • Zinc-Aluminium (ZA): Improved corrosion resistance over pure zinc.

      • Zinc-Iron (ZF): Enhanced hardness and wear resistance.

      • Zinc-Magnesium (ZM): Superior corrosion resistance in harsh environments.

      • Aluminium-Zinc (AZ): Excellent corrosion resistance and heat reflectivity.

      • Aluminium-Magnesium (AM): High corrosion resistance; suitable for high-temperature applications.

      These coatings extend service life in industrial or outdoor environments while maintaining smooth surfaces suitable for painting or finishing.

    • Forming Advantages

      DDS and EDDS offer elongation ≥30% and minimal springback, ideal for producing complex shapes with high precision. Consistent production standards ensure uniform mechanical properties and compliance with international specifications.

    • Applications

      DDS and EDDS are widely used in automotive panels, appliance parts, kitchen sinks, fuel tanks, and light structural components where deep drawing and complex shaping are required. Their combination of high formability, moderate strength, and good surface quality makes them a preferred choice across manufacturing industries.

    2. Technical Specifications Table

    1. Chemical Composition Requirements (Maximum %)

    Steel GradeCarbon (C)Silicon (Si)Manganese (Mn)Phosphorus (P)Sulfur (S)Titanium (Ti)
    DDS≤ 0.06%≤ 0.50%≤ 0.50%≤ 0.025%≤ 0.025%≤ 0.025%
    EDDS≤ 0.02%≤ 0.40%≤ 0.40%≤ 0.020%≤ 0.020%≤ 0.025%

    2. Mechanical Property Requirements (Maximum Values)

    Steel GradeMin. Yield Strength (MPa)Min. Tensile Strength (MPa)Min. Elongation (%) Lo=80 mmBend Angle (°)Mandrel Diameter (× Thickness t)
    DDS115–200≥270≥38180°4t
    EDDS150–220270–35030–45180°6t

    3. Mechanical Property Requirements (Maximum Values)

    Coating ClassMandrel Diameter (× Thickness t)
    Z100, Z2001t
    Z275, Z350, Z450, AZ150, AZ200, AM100, AM125, AM150, AM175, AM200, AM2252t
    Z6003t

    4. Applicable Hot-Dip Metallic Coating Types

    Coating ClassComposition (%)Key Features
    Z (Zinc)≥99% ZincBasic corrosion protection; suitable for general use.
    ZA (Zinc-Aluminium)95% Zn, 5% AlImproved corrosion resistance over pure zinc.
    ZF (Zinc-Iron)Zinc with iron alloyEnhanced hardness and wear resistance.
    ZM (Zinc-Magnesium)Zn with 2–4% Mg, 5–13% AlSuperior corrosion resistance in harsh environments.
    AZ (Aluminium-Zinc)55% Al, 43.5% Zn, 1.5% SiExcellent corrosion resistance and heat reflectivity.
    AM (Aluminium-Magnesium)Al with Mg alloyHigh corrosion resistance; suitable for high-temperature applications.

    3. DDS / EDDS vs SS33–SS80 — What’s the Difference?

    Steel GradeYield Strength (MPa)Tensile Strength (MPa)Elongation (%)Bendability
    DDS140–170240–310≥32180° with 2t mandrel
    EDDS150–220270–35030–45180° with 2t mandrel
    SS33≥230≥310≥20180° with 4t mandrel
    SS40≥275≥380≥16180° with 4t mandrel
    SS50≥345≥450≥12180° with 4t mandrel
    SS60≥415≥510≥12180° with 4t mandrel
    SS70≥485≥580≥12180° with 4t mandrel
    SS80≥550≥640≥12180° with 4t mandrel

    DDS / EDDS Steel FAQ：

    Deep Drawing Steel (DDS) and Extra Deep Drawing Steel (EDDS) are ultra-low carbon steels engineered for high formability. The main difference is in carbon content and formability:

    • DDS: Carbon ≤ 0.02%, suitable for moderate drawing applications.

    • EDDS: Carbon ≤ 0.005%, designed for complex and deep drawing processes.

    Both steels are used in industries requiring complex shaping and deep drawing:

    • DDS: Automotive inner panels, appliance housings, and general sheet components.

    • EDDS: Automotive body panels, doors, dashboards, and components needing extreme formability.

    • DDS: Moderate tensile strength, high elongation for standard forming.

    • EDDS: Lower yield strength, higher elongation, ideal for severe deep drawing.
      These properties make EDDS optimal for intricate manufacturing while DDS suits less demanding forming.

    IF steel has carbon and nitrogen removed during production, creating a refined grain structure that enhances formability and prevents aging. EDDS is typically IF, often stabilized with titanium or niobium for consistent performance in deep drawing.

    • Low yield strength: Not suitable for structural applications requiring high strength.

    • Surface sensitivity: Softer steel can be prone to denting or scratches during handling.
      Careful process design is needed to maximize performance and prevent damage.

    G450 steel production to application

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